solar power plant working principle

A solar power plant converts sunlight into electricity using the principle of photovoltaic effect or concentrated solar power. In a photovoltaic system, solar panels composed of many solar cells capture sunlight and convert it directly into electrical energy. When sunlight hits the semiconductor material in the solar cells, it excites electrons, creating an electric current. This direct current (DC) is then converted into alternating current (AC) through an inverter, making it suitable for use in homes and industries. Alternatively, concentrated solar power plants use mirrors or lenses to focus sunlight onto a small area, generating intense heat. This heat produces steam that drives a turbine connected to an electricity generator. The generated electricity is then fed into the power grid. Both tyPES of solar power plants harness renewable energy from the sun, producing clean and sustainable electricity without greenhouse gas emissions. They contribute significantly to reducing reliance on fossil fuels and combating climate change. By utilizing abundant solar energy, solar power plants offer an eco-friendly solution to meet the growing global energy demand.